Informatics Publishing Limited

Deependra Singh ¹, Mukesh K. Nag ¹, Satish Patel ¹, Madhulika Pradhan ¹, Shikha Shrivastava ¹, S. J. Daharwal ¹, Manju R. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, IN

Abstract

Wound healing involves a regulated sequence of cellular activity. These activities provide the foundation for the mechanisms of wound repair. Successful wound care involves optimizing local and systemic conditions in combination with an ideal wound healing environment. The basic steps of wound management are prevention of wound contamination, debridement of dead and dying tissue, removal of debris and contaminants, provision of adequate wound drainage, promotion of a viable vascular bed and selection of an appropriate method of closure. A wide variety of preparations and remedies of non-organic, organic, biogenic, and phytogenic origin have been devised and used in the topical treatment of burns. Many different strategies have been developed to influence this wound environment to provide a pathogen-free, protected, and moist area for healing to occur. This review discusses the physiology, type and management of burn wounds and future directions for this field.

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Shikha Shrivastava ¹, Durga Nema ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, Government VYT PG Autonomous College, Durg, C.G., IN
2 Department of Chemistry, Government College, Utai, Dist. Durg, C.G., IN

Abstract

Fly ash, a by-product from coal based power plants is composed of totally inorganic and inert substances and is unsupportive for life forms. Fly ash in Korba is dumped into special open embankments called dykes. The search for organic materials was important because formation of humus is a revolution in fly ash, then only it will be able to support life forms. This was done in these dykes to confirm the source of organic materials in fly ash, i.e., whether they are coming from the coal, the start up oil of the furnace or from the animals and plants coming up in the area. The method used was thin layer chromatography and ascending paper chromatography in liquid medium.

Keywords

Organic Materials, Humus, Fly Ash, Dykes, Chromatography.

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Shikha Shrivastava ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, Government Post Graduate College, Korba, Chhattisgarh, IN

Abstract

Fly ash, the by-product of thermal power plants, is stored in specially prepared ash dykes. Being totally inorganic material, it is unsupportive for any living forms. These dykes are a major source of pollution, and plantations can reclaim these. This study deals with the presence of fauna on the surface of the ash dykes in 1. raw ash dykes of different ages and, 2. reclaimed ash dykes through different methods of plantations. The surface fauna of all these types of fly ash dykes was studied and recorded in relation to soil changes due to reclamation.

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Mukesh K. Nag ¹, Satish Patel ¹, Shikha Shrivastava ¹, S. J. Daharwal ¹, Manju R. Singh ¹, Deependra Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, IN

Abstract

India has largest number of people suffering from diabetes mellitus in the world. Diabetes mellitus is a progressive disease characterized by both insulin resistance and cell failure, resulting in a decline in insulin secretion and increased blood glucose levels. During the past three decades, various approaches have been studied for delivery of insulin. To eliminate the needle from insulin delivery and to replace it with non-invasive alternative routes has driven rigorous pharmaceutical research to replace the injectable forms of insulin. Recently, various approaches have been studied involving many strategies using various technologies that have shown success in delivering insulin, which are designed to overcome the inherent barriers for insulin uptake across the gastrointestinal tract, mucosal membranes and skin. New approaches to diabetes mellitus herapy have been shown to improve survival and well being of patients with disease. With increasing translational research and a better understanding of the molecular basis of diabetes mellitus, a number of targets have been identified in various preclinical studies. In this review diabetes mellitus, type, strategies with special emphasis on advancement in treatment of diabetes mellitusby non invensive therapies has been discussed in detail.

Keywords

Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin Delivery, Non Invasive Routes.

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S. J. Dharwal ¹, S. S. Shukla ², R. Pandey ², Astha Verma ³, Veena D. Thakur ¹, Shikha Shrivastava ¹, Mukesh Nag ¹, Shatish Patel ¹

Affiliations
1 University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, IN
2 Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Tekari, Raipur, CG, IN
3 Shree Rawatpura Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumahari, Dist. Durg CG, IN

Abstract

An Orally Disintegrating tablets (ODT) is a solid-dosage form that disintegrates and dissolves in the mouth without water within 60 seconds or less. The techniques applied are direct compression, sublimation and melt granulation technique. These techniques are based on the principles of increasing porosity or addition of super disintegrants and water soluble excipient in the tablets. The formulation prepared from this technique differ each other on the basis of the factors like mechanical strength of final product, drug, and dosage form stability, mouth feel , rate of dissolution of the formulation in saliva ,rate of absorption from saliva and overall drug bioavailability. These innovations may involve modifying formulation composition and processing to achieve new performance end-points or the merger of new technological advances with traditional pharmaceutical processing techniques for the production of novel mouth oral disintegrating dosage forms.

Keywords

Orally Disintegrating Tablets, Bioavailability, Saliva, Sublimation.

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Shikha Shrivastava ¹, Sushma Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, Indira Gandhi Arts and Commerce College, Vaishali Nagar, Bhilai 490 023, IN
2 Department of Zoology, Government V.Y.T.P.G. Autonomous College, Durg 491 001, IN

Abstract

Fishes are among the abundant vertebrates in the world. There are about 39,900 species of vertebrates, among which about 21,720 species are fishes; out of which about 8410 are fresh water species and 11,650 are marine water species. India occupies the ninth position in fresh water mega biodiversity in the world. In India there are 2500 species of fish, among which 930 species are fresh water and about 1570 are marine species. The 742 fresh water fishes documented in India belong to 233 genera, 64 families and 16 orders.

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S. J. Daharwal ¹, Veena Devi Thakur ¹, Shikha Shrivastava ¹, Bhanu Pratap Sahu ¹

Affiliations
1 University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur (C.G.), IN

Abstract

The present work deals with optimization of designed MCG , so that the best possible set of parameters affecting result can be selected to get the desired output. In this report nine batches of formulations (F1-F9) prepared and studied. Two variables were selected for the formulations in which first was concentration of elastomer and other was concentration of softener. The mathematical models developed for all the dependent variables using statistical analysis software Design experts 8.0.1.Percent Drug release of various formulation F2, F5, F8 andF9 was found to be 95.31, 98.74, 88.18 and 91.74. The highest Percent of Drug release among all is of F5.

Keywords

Optimization, Medicated Chewing Gum, Ambroxol HCl.

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S. J. Daharwal ¹, Veena Devi Thakur ¹, Shikha Shrivastava ¹, Bhanu Pratap Sahu ¹

Affiliations
1 University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur (C.G.), IN

Abstract

Chewing gums cannot be assayed unlike tablet by the conventional method that is by crushing the tablet and weighing an accurate amount of medicament and estimating its content. For estimation of the drug content and the study of drug release process from chewing gums a new apparatus (Erweka's DRT 6 Chewing apparatus) has been designed which mimics the natural chewing actions. The drug content was found to be in the range of 95.20 to 99.21% or 28.56 to 29.76 mg. highest drug content and the lowest drug content were found with formulation F5 and formulation F7 of Ambroxol hydrochloride respectively. The present study deals with in-vitro drug release of Medicated chewing gumFormulation F5 showed highest drug release of 98.74% and formulation F7 showed lowest drug release of 85.74% respectively at the end of 30 minutes.

Keywords

Erweka DRT 6 Chewing Apparatus, Medicated Chewing Gum, Ambroxol HCl.

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Shikha Shrivastava ¹, Mahesh Bundele ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science, Poornima College of Engineering, Jaipur – 302022, Rajasthan, IN

Abstract

Objectives: Multi agent Architecture is a recent advancement in software engineering that focuses on improving performance of software packages and tools in varying applications. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Large number of architectures have been proposed for remote health monitoring applications which include data collection from remote patients and monitoring the condition. There is little work done on software systems monitoring multiple patients with multi-parametric approach from remote locations efficiently and faster. This paper presents a multi-agent architecture to monitor concurrently multiple physiological parameters of multiple patients situated at remote places. The architecture proposes three types of software agents such as patient controller interface agent, controller agent and server agent. Real time system can be scaled up to any number of patients being monitored for any variable number of physiological parameters. It is time critical application as the patients being monitored need immediately attention or treatment. Findings: For validating the proposed architecture the data has been collected for Temperature, blood pressure of patients and software agents designed were implemented and tested under multiple combinations of number of parameters and the patients. The test results proved that the proposed architecture is useful for efficient and quick monitoring of severely diseased people from remote places. Application/Improvements Tele-monitoring is widely used in a range of applications such as natural calamities like disaster, floods etc.

Keywords

Arduino, Multi Agent Architecture, Remote Health Monitoring, Software Engineering, Telemedicine.

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